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About This Role
The Argonne team is seeking two highly motivated postdoctoral researchers to help shape the next generation of secure, scalable, and continuously learning AI systems for biomedical discovery. This position will contribute to the Forge project, which is focused on developing advanced multimodal AI capabilities that can learn across distributed data environments without requiring sensitive data to be centralized.
The successful candidates will work at the intersection of federated learning, foundation models, multimodal biomedical AI, privacy\-preserving machine learning, continuous learning, and agentic AI systems. This is an opportunity to conduct applied research that advances trustworthy AI for biomedical and national security\-relevant use cases while working in a multidisciplinary environment that brings together computer scientists, AI researchers, domain scientists, software engineers, and high\-performance computing experts.
You will help design and implement new methods for multimodal federated learning across heterogeneous data types such as clinical, imaging, omics, text, and experimental data. The work will include developing approaches for continual model improvement, adaptive federated training, model evaluation, workflow automation, and AI\-assisted orchestration of distributed learning tasks. The position will also provide opportunities to contribute to open\-source software, publish research findings, present at major conferences and workshops, and collaborate with partners across national laboratories, universities, government agencies, and biomedical research organizations.
The work will take place in a collaborative, mission\-driven research environment that values technical creativity, rigorous engineering, scientific impact, and teamwork. The group works on practical AI systems that connect research prototypes to real\-world deployment environments, including cloud, secure enclaves, trusted research environments, and leadership computing platforms. Candidates should be comfortable working in a fast\-moving research setting where methods development, software implementation, experimentation, and scientific communication are all important parts of the role.
Core Responsibilities:
- Conduct research and development in federated learning, privacy\-preserving machine learning, multimodal AI, and foundation model adaptation for biomedical and related scientific applications.
- Develop new methods for multimodal federated learning that can integrate information across distributed datasets, including imaging, omics, clinical, text, sensor, and other structured or unstructured data modalities.
- Design and implement continuous learning approaches that allow models to improve over time as new data, validation results, or experimental feedback become available.
- Explore agentic AI approaches for federated learning, including AI agents that can assist with task orchestration, experiment planning, model evaluation, workflow automation, and decision support across distributed environments.
- Build and extend software capabilities in federated learning frameworks, with emphasis on scalable, reproducible, secure, and extensible research software.
- Evaluate model performance, robustness, generalizability, fairness, privacy, and data readiness across heterogeneous sites and datasets.
- Contribute to the design of secure AI workflows that may involve trusted research environments, secure enclaves, privacy\-preserving computation, differential privacy, secure aggregation, or related techniques.
- Collaborate with interdisciplinary teams, including AI researchers, biomedical scientists, software engineers, security experts, and high\-performance computing specialists.
- Prepare research results for publication in peer\-reviewed conferences and journals, and communicate findings through presentations, technical reports, project meetings, and software documentation.
- Support project milestones, demonstrations, and deliverables by developing working prototypes, experimental benchmarks, and reusable software components.
Position Requirements
Required Skills and Qualifications:
- Ph.D. completed within the last 0–5 years in computer science, data science, biomedical informatics, computational biology, bioengineering, applied mathematics, electrical engineering, or a related field.
- Strong programming skills in Python and experience developing research or production\-quality machine learning software.
- Experience with machine learning or deep learning frameworks such as PyTorch, TensorFlow, JAX, or similar tools.
- Knowledge of federated learning, distributed machine learning, privacy\-preserving AI, foundation models, multimodal learning, continual learning, or related areas.
- Ability to design and conduct computational experiments, analyze model performance, and communicate results clearly.
- Experience working with large\-scale or complex datasets, including structured, unstructured, multimodal, biomedical, scientific, or high\-dimensional data.
- Ability to work independently while contributing effectively to a multidisciplinary research team.
- Strong written and oral communication skills, including the ability to prepare manuscripts, technical reports, presentations, and documentation.
- Ability to model Argonne's core values of impact, safety, respect, integrity, and teamwork.
Preferred Skills and Qualifications:
- Experience developing or extending federated learning frameworks such as APPFL, Flower, FedML, NVIDIA FLARE, or similar systems.
- Experience with multimodal biomedical data, including combinations of clinical records, medical imaging, pathology, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, wearable/sensor data, or scientific text.
- Familiarity with foundation models, large language models, vision\-language models, biomedical AI models, or model fine\-tuning methods such as LoRA, adapters, instruction tuning, or retrieval\-augmented generation.
- Experience with continual learning, active learning, reinforcement learning, closed\-loop learning, or human\-in\-the\-loop AI workflows.
- Experience with agentic AI frameworks, tool\-using LLMs, workflow orchestration, AI planning systems, or multi\-agent systems.
- Familiarity with privacy and security techniques such as differential privacy, secure aggregation, secure multiparty computation, homomorphic encryption, trusted execution environments, or secure enclaves.
- Experience with distributed computing, cloud computing, containers, Kubernetes, Docker, Apptainer/Singularity, or high\-performance computing environments.
- Experience with MLOps, reproducible workflows, experiment tracking, CI/CD, software testing, benchmarking, or open\-source software development.
- Familiarity with biomedical AI validation, data readiness assessment, model evaluation, regulatory\-grade evidence generation, or independent verification and validation workflows.
- Demonstrated ability to publish research, contribute to collaborative software projects, or present technical work to interdisciplinary audiences.
Job Family
PostdoctoralJob Profile
Postdoctoral AppointeeWorker Type
Long\-Term (Fixed Term)Time Type
Full time
The expected hiring range for this position is $72,879\.00\-$121,465\.00\.
Please note that the pay range information is a general guideline only. The pay offered to a selected candidate will be determined based on factors such as, but not limited to, the scope and responsibilities of the position, the qualifications of the selected candidate, business considerations, internal equity, and external market pay for comparable jobs. Additionally, comprehensive benefits are part of the total rewards package.
Click here to view Argonne employee benefits!
*As an equal employment opportunity employer, and in accordance with our core values of impact, safety, respect, integrity and teamwork, Argonne National Laboratory is committed to a safe and welcoming workplace that fosters collaborative scientific discovery and innovation. Argonne encourages everyone to apply for employment. Argonne is committed to nondiscrimination and considers all qualified applicants for employment without regard to any characteristic protected by law.*
*Argonne employees, and certain guest researchers and contractors, are subject to particular restrictions related to participation in Foreign Government Sponsored or Affiliated Activities, as defined and detailed in United States Department of Energy Order 486\.1A. You will be asked to disclose any such participation in the application phase for review by Argonne's Legal Department.*
*All Argonne offers of employment are contingent upon a background check that includes an assessment of criminal conviction history conducted on an individualized and case\-by\-case basis. Please be advised that Argonne positions require upon hire (or may require in the future) for the individual be to obtain a government access authorization that involves additional background check requirements. Failure to obtain or maintain such government access authorization could result in the withdrawal of a job offer or future termination of employment.*
Salary Context
This $72K-$121K range is in the lower quartile for AI/ML Engineer roles in our dataset (median: $180K across 2130 roles with salary data).
View full AI/ML Engineer salary data →Role Details
About This Role
AI/ML Engineers build and deploy machine learning models in production. They work across the full ML lifecycle: data pipelines, model training, evaluation, and serving infrastructure. The role has evolved significantly over the past two years. Where ML Engineers once spent most of their time on model architecture, the job now tilts heavily toward inference optimization, cost management, and integrating LLM capabilities into existing systems. Companies want engineers who can ship production systems, and the experimenter-only role is fading fast.
Day-to-day, you're writing training pipelines, debugging data quality issues, setting up evaluation frameworks, and figuring out why your model performs differently in staging than it did on your dev set. The best ML engineers are obsessive about reproducibility and measurement. They instrument everything. They know that a model is only as good as the data feeding it and the infrastructure serving it.
Across the 4,133 AI roles we're tracking, AI/ML Engineer positions make up 69% of the market. At Argonne National Laboratory, this role fits into their broader AI and engineering organization.
Demand for AI/ML Engineers has been strong and consistent. Unlike some AI roles that spike with hype cycles, ML engineering is a foundational need. Every company deploying AI models needs people who can keep them running, and the gap between research prototypes and production systems keeps growing.
What the Work Looks Like
A typical week might include: debugging a data pipeline that's silently dropping 3% of training examples, running A/B tests on a new model version, writing documentation for a feature flag system that lets you roll back model deployments, and reviewing a junior engineer's PR for a new evaluation metric. Meetings tend to be cross-functional since ML touches product, engineering, and data teams.
Demand for AI/ML Engineers has been strong and consistent. Unlike some AI roles that spike with hype cycles, ML engineering is a foundational need. Every company deploying AI models needs people who can keep them running, and the gap between research prototypes and production systems keeps growing.
Skills Required
Python and PyTorch dominate the requirements. Most roles expect experience with cloud platforms (AWS, GCP, or Azure) and familiarity with ML frameworks like TensorFlow or JAX. RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) has become a top-3 skill requirement as companies integrate LLMs into their products. Docker and Kubernetes show up in about a third of postings, reflecting the production focus of the role.
Beyond the core stack, employers increasingly want experience with experiment tracking tools (MLflow, Weights & Biases), feature stores, and vector databases. Fine-tuning experience is valuable but less common than you'd think from reading Twitter. Most production LLM work is RAG and prompt engineering, not fine-tuning. If you have both, you're in a strong position.
Companies that are serious about AI/ML hiring tend to post specific infrastructure details in the job description: the frameworks they use, their model serving stack, their data pipeline tools. Vague postings that just say 'ML experience required' without specifics are often companies that haven't figured out what they need yet.
Compensation Benchmarks
AI/ML Engineer roles pay a median of $185,000 based on 13,200 positions with disclosed compensation. Mid-level AI roles across all categories have a median of $165,778. This role's midpoint ($97K) sits 47% below the category median. Disclosed range: $72K to $121K.
Across all AI roles, the market median is $200,700. Top-quartile compensation starts at $254,000. The 90th percentile reaches $307,500. For comparison, the highest-paying categories include AI Safety ($274,200) and AI Engineering Manager ($268,700). By seniority level: Entry: $97,760; Mid: $165,778; Senior: $227,400; Director: $250,000; VP: $250,000.
Argonne National Laboratory AI Hiring
Argonne National Laboratory has 1 open AI role right now. They're hiring across AI/ML Engineer. Based in Lemont, IL, US. Compensation range: $121K - $121K.
Location Context
Across all AI roles, 14% (583 positions) offer remote work, while 3,532 require on-site attendance. Top AI hiring metros: New York (2,760 roles, $211,000 median); San Francisco (2,258 roles, $253,000 median); Los Angeles (1,841 roles, $195,000 median).
Career Path
Common paths into AI/ML Engineer roles include Data Scientist, Software Engineer, Research Engineer.
From here, career progression typically leads toward ML Architect, AI Engineering Manager, Principal ML Engineer.
The fastest path into ML engineering is through software engineering with a self-directed ML education. A CS degree helps, but production engineering skills matter more than academic credentials. Build something that works, deploy it, and measure it. That portfolio project is worth more than a Coursera certificate. For career growth, the fork comes around the senior level: go deep on technical complexity (staff/principal track) or move into managing ML teams.
What to Expect in Interviews
Expect system design questions around ML pipelines: how you'd build a training pipeline for a specific use case, handle data drift, or design A/B testing infrastructure for model deployments. Coding rounds typically involve Python, with emphasis on data manipulation (pandas, numpy) and algorithm implementation. Take-home assignments often ask you to build an end-to-end ML pipeline from raw data to deployed model.
When evaluating opportunities: Companies that are serious about AI/ML hiring tend to post specific infrastructure details in the job description: the frameworks they use, their model serving stack, their data pipeline tools. Vague postings that just say 'ML experience required' without specifics are often companies that haven't figured out what they need yet.
AI Hiring Overview
The AI job market has 4,133 open positions tracked in our dataset. By seniority: 106 entry-level, 1,901 mid-level, 1,663 senior, and 463 leadership roles (Director, VP, C-Level). Remote roles make up 14% of the market (583 positions). The remaining 3,532 roles require on-site or hybrid attendance.
The market median for AI roles is $200,700. Top-quartile compensation starts at $254,000. The 90th percentile reaches $307,500. Highest-paying categories: AI Safety ($274,200 median, 57 roles); AI Engineering Manager ($268,700 median, 42 roles); Research Engineer ($260,000 median, 442 roles).
Demand for AI/ML Engineers has been strong and consistent. Unlike some AI roles that spike with hype cycles, ML engineering is a foundational need. Every company deploying AI models needs people who can keep them running, and the gap between research prototypes and production systems keeps growing.
The AI Job Market Today
The AI job market spans 4,133 open positions across 15 role categories. The largest categories by volume: AI/ML Engineer (2,865), Data Scientist (339), AI Software Engineer (313). These three account for the majority of open positions, though smaller categories often have higher per-role compensation because of specialized skill requirements.
The seniority mix tells a story about where AI teams are in their maturity. Entry-level roles (106) are outnumbered by mid-level (1,901) and senior (1,663) positions, reflecting that most companies are past the 'build a team from scratch' phase and need experienced engineers who can ship production systems. Leadership roles (Director, VP, C-Level) total 463 positions, representing the bottleneck between technical execution and organizational strategy.
Remote work availability sits at 14% of all AI roles (583 positions), with 3,532 requiring on-site or hybrid attendance. The remote share has stabilized after the post-pandemic correction. Senior and specialized roles (Research Scientist, ML Architect) are more likely to be remote-eligible than entry-level positions, partly because experienced hires have more negotiating power and partly because these roles require less hands-on mentorship.
AI compensation is structured in clear tiers. The market median sits at $200,700. Top-quartile roles start at $254,000, and the 90th percentile reaches $307,500. These figures include base salary with disclosed compensation. Total compensation (including equity, bonuses, and sign-on) runs 20-40% higher at companies that offer those components.
Category matters for compensation. AI Safety roles lead at $274,200 median, while Prompt Engineer roles sit at $140,000. The spread between highest and lowest-paying categories reflects the premium on specialized technical skills versus broader analytical roles.
The most in-demand skills across all AI postings: Python (2,128 postings), Aws (1,324 postings), Azure (1,003 postings), Rag (916 postings), Gcp (817 postings), Pytorch (655 postings), Prompt Engineering (639 postings), Claude (571 postings). Python dominates, appearing in the vast majority of role descriptions regardless of category. Cloud platform experience (AWS, GCP, Azure) is the second most common requirement. The newer entrants to the top skills list (RAG, vector databases, LLM APIs) reflect the shift from traditional ML toward generative AI applications.
Frequently Asked Questions
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